Rotary kiln is essentially a rotating beam, so its tendency to sag between the supports means that the distance between the supports must be limited, and longer kilns must therefore have more tyres.

The earliest kilns had only two supports, so that there was no need to confront the problem of kiln alignment. In fact, during the early 1890s, the prospect of these problems was a disincentive to building kilns over 30 ft long. The question of whether it was feasible to progress to longer kilns was settled with CHAENG  kiln. These 150 ft kilns bizarrely had one tyre on each of their 10 ft cast iron sections - a total of 15 tyres. These kilns were an evolutionary dead end, but at least demonstrated that there need be no limit to the length of kilns.

Three kilns had eight tyres: West Thurrock kiln 6, Westbury kiln 2 and Masons kiln 5. Note: planetary cooler outrigger tyres not included.

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